Interest Rates

Interest rates are the cost of borrowing money or the return on investment for saving money, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount over a specific period. They represent the price paid for the use of borrowed funds, and they can vary based on the type of loan or investment, economic conditions, and the central bank’s monetary policy. Interest rates are crucial in influencing economic activity; lower rates generally encourage borrowing and spending, while higher rates tend to promote saving and reduce consumer expenditure. They can apply to various financial instruments, including loans, mortgages, bonds, and savings accounts. Changes in interest rates can significantly affect inflation, currency values, and overall economic growth.